Pesticides are a very important means of agricultural production and play an important role in ensuring stable crop yield and increasing production. Pesticide application is a basic and guaranteed production measure for agricultural production. With the development of society and the improvement of people’s living standards, food safety, environmental safety and production safety have attracted more and more attention from all parties. In February 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the Action Plan for Zero Growth in Pesticide Use to 2020, which carried out a nationwide zero-growth in pesticide use.
The zero increase in pesticide use includes two aspects, one is the decline in the total pesticide use, and the other is the improvement of pesticide utilization. At present, manual sprayers are used in most areas. The amount of spraying is very large, and farmers are used to using a single drug, with poor effectiveness and larger input, but the utilization rate is only about 25%, and most of them are lost to soil or air.
Organosilicon additive is a polyether modified trisiloxane non-ionic surfactant. It is an agricultural auxiliary registration-free in its application. It is an efficient and environmentally friendly non-ionic surfactant with ultra-low surface energy. Due to its good wettability, scalability, permeability, good compatibility performance, foaming, foaming and anti-foaming effects, fungicides, microbicides (mites, thrips, red spiders, aphids), herbicides, leaf fertilizers, etc. can be added to significantly improve the utilization rate and application effect in chemical control, reduce pesticide delivery by 30% to 50%, effectively reduce pesticide residues, save water, reduce labor intensity, reduce drug efficiency. It has been widely used in agricultural production, bringing fundamental changes to the formulation and application technology of pesticides.
This article expounds the characteristics, applications and use methods of Organosilicon additives, hoping to help farmers have an in-depth understanding of Organosilicon additives and use them reasonably to reduce agricultural production costs and improve prevention efficiency.
I. Excellent performance of Organosilicon additives
Organosilicon additives mainly include the following three excellent properties: wettability, expansion and permeability.
1. Good wettability
The leaves, stems and epidermis of insects of plants often have anti-humidifying components or structures, and the leaves are often negatively charged, which is repulsive to pesticide liquids. Generally speaking, when the surface tension of the spray is lower than that on the surface of the blade, the spray absorbs and wets the surface of the plant. Conversely, the spray shrinks and accumulates on the surface of the plant, and the droplets sprayed on the surface of the target object will roll down.
The surface tension of organosilicon additives is extremely low, which can easily wet almost all kinds of plant leaves and pest epidermis, greatly improve the coverage and contact surface of the drug solution to the target organisms, reduce the loss of pesticides, and improve their utilization efficiency.
2. Super Expansion
Organosilicon auxiliaries have super expansion performance. After adding the additives, the expansion area is more than 10 times the pure water area. This performance can cover and adhere to the leaves with the maximum area of the sprayed liquid, and even allow the agent to enter the pests hidden on the back of the leaves or in the cracks of fruit trees, so as to achieve the purpose of direct contact with the liquid and even killing pests.
3. Excellent permeability
Stomata are one of the main ways for reagents to enter the plant. Organosilicon additives can effectively promote the penetration of the liquid into the epidermis through the pores, and the absorption speed is very fast. It is reported that organosilicon additives have a good synergistic effect on avermectin, which is mainly reflected in its ability to allow the liquid to enter the microscopic pest hiding place, followed by the leaf surface and into the plant epidermis part, prolonging the residual effect period of the agent, and this residual period is longer than that brought about by the use of mineral oil additives.
II. Application of organosilicon additives in pesticides
Organosilicon additives are used in pesticides and can be used as spray improvers, leaf absorption additives, activators, etc., and can be used in herbicides, leaf fertilizers, pesticides or growth regulators.
1. Application in herbicides
The pesticide is added with organosilicon. After the liquid is sprayed on the surface of weed stems and leaves, it quickly passes through the cuticle and cytoplasmic membrane, and finally transmits it to all parts of the plant. After weeds are injured, the stems and leaves are curved, deformed, and eventually die, which can significantly accelerate the speed and improve the prevention of weeds. At the same time, it can greatly reduce water use and save labor.
2. Application in leaf fertilizer
Leaf fertilizer is a fast and efficient way to supplement nutrients, but the impermeability of plant epidermis to inorganic nutrient ions is very detrimental to leaf fertilization, so fertilization through stomatal osmosis is a good way. Organosilicon additives can promote the absorption of plants through stomatal penetration and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers.
3. Application in growth regulators
Organosilicon surfactants can reduce the amount of use and improve the effect. For example, gibberellin is widely used in citrus, but it is easy to antagonize with citrus. The application of agricultural organosilicon additives can greatly improve the efficacy of gibberellin, and the dosage of gibberellin can also be reduced to 1/10. Adding organosilicon auxiliaries to azole can improve its moisture and efficacy, reduce the use of energistic azole, and reduce the cost of energicile azole.
2.4 Insecticides and mites
Application in the dosage
The stomata of insects are very similar to those on the leaf surface. Organosilicon surfactants can reduce the surface tension of the solution and penetrate into the insect trachea, making it of great significance as an insecticide additive and synergist. If the organosilicon additive is added, the effect of 20% butylthiogram Budweiser emulsion 45g/hm2 treatment on aphids is the same as that of the addition of the additive. The dosage of 75g/hm2 is equivalent, which can significantly reduce the actual field use dose of butylsulfek Budweiser emulsion by 20%.
III. How to use organosilicon auxiliaries efficiently
1. Dosage
Under normal conditions with a temperature of 25 °C and a relative air humidity of 60%, the amount of spray added to the herbicide is 0.05%-0.1% (1000-2000 times) organosilicon additives, and the dosage of herbicides is reduced by 30%, which is similar to the conventional dosage of herbicides. Under dry conditions, organosilicon add 0.1% of the spray amount of the herbicide solution can achieve a stable herbics removal effect.
The amount of insecticides and fungicides is 0.025%-0.1% (1000-4000 times) of organosilicon additives. The conventional dose for pesticides can increase the retention time of fog droplets, improve the dispersion of fog droplets, and increase the absorption of reagents, thus improving the efficacy of the drug.
The amount of plant growth regulator is 0.025%-0.05% (2000-4000 times) of the spray, and the amount of fertilizer and trace elements is 0.015%-0.1% (1000-7000 times) of the spray amount, which can improve the efficacy and fertilizer effect.
2. Principles of use (scope of use)
Organosilicon auxiliaries work well, but the price is also relatively high compared with other auxiliaries. Especially imported from abroad, it is about 100 yuan/kg, which is slightly cheaper in China, but it is also four times the price of conventional additives. Therefore, in the process of use, it is also necessary to pay attention to the principles of use, which works well and which are not necessary to reduce costs.
2.1 Try to use it on hard-wetting crops, and do not use wetting crops.
For vegetables and fruits that are easy to be wet, such as rape, celery, tomatoes, spinach, beans, peppers, etc., conventional additives can meet the requirements of moistening crops. In order to reduce costs, it is generally not necessary to use organosilicon additives; for some crops made of waxy layers such as rice, cabbage, wheat, sparrow wheat, etc., and those weeds without leaves, only green spikes such as canary flowers, violets, thatch, etc. The use of organosilicon auxiliaries can improve the efficacy and have a comprehensive prevention and control effect.
2.2 Crops suitable for hiding pests and diseases
When there are hidden pests or germs such as grapes, lychees, longan and other fruits or broccoli, add organosilicon additives and use its super paving ability to make the liquid penetrate deep into the back of the leaves or the pest cache of fruit trees, so as to eliminate pests or control germs.
2.3 Crops suitable for rainy areas
For some rainy areas, the use of organosilicon additives can maximize the moisture and spread of the liquid, enhance surface permeability, resist rain erosion, and greatly reduce the accidental flushing of expensive pesticides by rainwater, thus reducing agricultural capital.
2.4 Suitable for some ultraviolet sensitivitPesticides or spraying in strong summer light
For pesticides such as methylaminoavermectin benzoate and avermectin, they are sensitive to ultraviolet rays. The addition of organosilicon additives use their super-strong spreading ability and rapid almost instantaneous stotal absorption to avoid the photolysis of the liquid and the rapid evaporation and drying of the liquid, and promote the absorption of the liquid.
2.5 Pay attention to reasonable mixing
The use of some additives has an inhibitory effect on organosilicon; there are many dosage forms of pesticide products, and there are many types of additives or processing additives used in the dosage forms. Some emulsifiers are antagonistic to organosilicon and cannot be used together. In addition, acidic compound emulsifiers such as 2201# and 0206B# are also best not used, because they are not conducive to the stability of organosilicon-oxygen bonds.
IV. Precautions for use
1. Strictly grasp the use concentration and strictly control the dosage. The suitable concentrations for mixing organosilicon additives with different types of pesticides are: 0.025%-0.1% pesticides, fungicides 0.015%-0.05%, herbicides 0.025%-0.15%, plant growth regulators 0.025%-0.05%, and some powerful pesticides and herbicides should be taken to reduce their dosage to prevent drug pests.
2. It cannot be applied under high temperature conditions. When the temperature exceeds 30°C, it is best not to add organosilicon when spraying pesticides. At this time, the crop stomatal opening is large, coupled with strong activity of organosilicon auxiliaries, strong permeability and easy to cause drug harm to crops. When spraying medicine on the fruit tree, do not spray it directly on the fruit to prevent rust spots and rust spots. It is best to apply it after bagging the fruit.
3. Ready for use. Organosilicon additives are very easy to decompose under acidic and base conditions, and most pesticide preparations are obviously acidic. Therefore, organosilicon additives must be mixed with pesticides when using organosilicon additives.
4. Add an appropriate amount of antifoaming agent. Organosilicon additives are active and easy to produce excessive foam. When applied, it must be finally added to the sprayer bucket and avoid excessive stirring, which can reduce the amount of foam. Among them, the antifoaming agent composed of organosilicon-based emulsion particle silica is the best effect.
5. Selection of additives
The quality of organosilicon additives provided on the market is of different, and at least 90% of the active ingredient of trisiloxane polyether should be selected to ensure its excellent performance.
Organosilicon additives have very low surface tension, super paving ability and rapid absorption through pores. Rational use of organosilicon additives can reduce the amount of pesticides, improve the effective utilization rate of pesticides, reduce production costs, and reduce the environmental pollution of pesticides.
However, there are two aspects in everything. Improper application of organosilicon additives may also lead to drug harm, such as some crops with thin waxy layers and are prone to moisture, or unauthorized use concentrations to increase efficiency. In addition, the surface tension of organosilicon is extremely low and the permeability is strong. After entering the water, it is highly toxic to fish, which is easy to damage the gill function. After use, its farmland water prevents it from flowing into the aquaculture pond.
Therefore, when using organosilicon additives, you must keep in mind the amount of use, precautions and principles of use, make the best use of the goods, give full play to its due effect according to its use characteristics, and must not use it blindly.
For more details, please contact the sales dept for product information.